The Recession and the Consumer Behaviour Theory

Jourdan Anderson Letter essays

Jourdan Anderson Letter essays Reconstruction aroused violent controversy over the constitutional powers and over the status of the black ex-slaves. Northern Democrats believed the Constitution strictly limited federal power, anticipated that most Southern whites would vote Democratic, and had little sympathy for black sufferings. On the other hand, most Republicans felt that blacks were entitled to fundamental human rights, and many hoped Southern Republicanism could be built with the help of black support. Reconstruction did open the door for political involvement on the part of former slaves. More than 20 blacks were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives and U.S. Senate in the South during Reconstruction. Even before the war ended, the government had begun discussing how to deal with the aftermath of the war. For example, Freedman Bureau was formed by congress to help former slaves with clothing, medical care, housing, and education. Some emancipated slaves quickly fled from the neighborhood of their owners, while others became wage laborers for former owners. Most importantly, African Americans could make choices for themselves about where they labored and the type of work they performed. Hundreds of blacks were killed for attempting to vote, for challenging segregation, for organizing workers, or even for attending school. In 1879, the federal troops withdrew and states began to govern themselves. For southern states, the absence of the Army closed the doors for opportunities for blacks as the Klan terrorized all that dared to exercise citizen's rights. Understandably, the Ex-slaves had many economic problems after their emancipation. They had to look for jobs and a place to live. Even though freedmen bureau was formed to help former slaves; but with corrupt government agents and abuse of southern Democrats, former slaves became economically and politically dependent on their former masters. Perhaps this is the reason that former slave, Jourdan An...

Diet Program Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Diet Program - Research Paper Example The body burns both fats and carbohydrates, therefore, if carbohydrates are reduced or eliminated the body will start burning fat. On this diet, the amount of food consumed is limitless. The restriction is on the type of food: no refined sugar; milk; white rice; pasta/white flour; and white potato. All the foods rich in fats are allowed to be eaten: meat; eggs; cheese/spread; red meat, fish (including shellfish); fowl; one may cook with butter; use mayo; and olive oil. This is diet of almost pure protein and fats. This diet is divided into four stages; phase one, two, there, and four. The first phase, phase one, lasts two weeks, the dieter eats only proteins and fats. three cups of loosely packed salad, or two cups of salad with two-thirds cup of certain cooked vegetables per day. For phases two, three, and four, carbohydrates, fruits, and vegetables are added gradually, and limitedly. The objective of this is more fats and protein. Dieters must keep checking their weight and decrease their carbohydrate intake if they begin to gain weight. This is a diet that also requires the dieter to take vitamins supplements (WebMD). Obviously this is not a practical diet. A diet with an intake of more protein than carbohydrates ; and is going to last a lifetime, can never be healthy. Exerciser seems to be the only good thing that this diet promotes. The diet is a life sentence; and the dieter can never touch the restricted food again; who wants to be held hostage to a diet for life? Robert H. Nickel, MD, director of the general clinical research center at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center in Denver, tells WebMD: "Our worries over the Atkins diet go way past the question of whether it is effective for losing weight or even for keeping weight off. We worry that the diet promotes heart disease ... We have concerns over whether this is a healthy diet for preventing heart disease,

What Intergenerational Communicationand Aging means for my own life, Essay

What Intergenerational Communicationand Aging means for my own life, now, and in the future - Essay Example h this course and analyzing related materials, I learned the importance of changing mindsets and communication and relationship goals, so that I can treat and interact with the elderly with respect and recognize and respond to their needs for autonomy and social support, and so that I can pursue a model for successful aging that balances physical and psychological needs and aspirations. Through Comm 119 lectures and various other reading materials, as well as my analysis of my own interactions with the elderly, I realized that social stereotypes about aging and the elderly contribute to the self-fulfilling prophesy of these ageist stereotypes. Cuddy and Fiske (2002) described the various stereotypes of older people that I also practiced in the past, including the grandmotherly and severely impaired stereotypes. I am quite ashamed that I thought that older adults are like babies by focusing on their childish behavior, such as being hard-headed when instructing them to follow proper nutrition practices. I realize now that they are childish (if they are) because of how society treats them. In one of our lectures, the Dallas Morning News (2002) reported that people’s attitudes, and not aging per se, present obstacles to feeling fulfilled during old age (as cited in Giles, 2014a). I agree because I also had the mindset that the elderly, though not all, are the on es making health and social problems by being aggressive in opposing lifestyle or emotional and attitudinal changes that can improve health and social conditions. I would say: â€Å"They can be so hard-headed because they are already old.† By saying this, I frame aging in terms of blaming older people of their health and social issues and aging as the worst phase of mental and psychological development. This kind of framing under-analyzes the needs and goals of the elderly and perpetuates ageism. Besides personal ageist stereotypes, I learned about social institutions that promote ageism and that I must

Intercultural Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Intercultural Communication - Essay Example Many organizations hire individuals from different countries to serve in different capacities within their ranks. One challenge that employees face in such organizations is understanding people with backgrounds that are different from theirs (Wang & Li, 2007). In such an environment, employees need to develop skills that enable them to become successful and effective intercultural communicators as they engage their colleagues in communication and as they interact at the workplace. Communication is one of the major components of effectiveness at a work place, the reason being that without effective communication, there are high chances of distortion in the message. This tenet affects the outcome of an instruction or direction and increases chances of poor performance. However, cultural differences have the potential to create considerable difficulty in intercultural communication since culture has a strong effect on beliefs, values, nonverbal behavior, language, worldviews and relationships with other people (Chitakornkijsil, 2010). For the management, intercultural communication facilitates the exchange of meanings between them and other managers from other countries. Managers who have subordinates from different countries working under them face the challenge of encoding and decoding messages in the correct way to ensure that the message is interpreted correctly. Every international manager qualifies as a communicator in the sense that they do or say conveys essential information to someone or a group of people within or outside the organization (Lauring, 2011). In a world where no country is self-sufficient in terms of resources, cultures and markets increasingly converge. For an organization to record considerable success in today’s business environment, it has to adopt cross-cultural teamwork and collaboration (Samovar, McDaniel &

Prostitution Legalisation Sexual Offences

Prostitution Legalisation Sexual Offences Prostitution is defined as participating in sexual activity in exchange for money. Its often referred to as the oldest profession and is a highly emotive topic nestled within the tangled web of sexuality and morality. The legal status of prostitution has constantly fluctuated over centuries and even millennia as well as in different countries where it can be punishable by death or completely legal. The historical legislation on prostitution is as vast and as changeable as English law itself is. As long as laws have existed there have been many varying degrees of legalisation and illegalisation of prostitution. In 1161 King Henry II allowed the regulation of Londons brothels. (Evans, 1979) and in 1546 Henry VIIIs ended Englands toleration of prostitution. (Roberts, 1993) During the 19th Century the Victorians ideas of ‘morality and ‘social purity influenced legislation concerning sexuality and sexual offences. (Walkowitz, 1980) The first law was made with the reference to the term ‘common prostitute was the Vagrancy Act of 1824. In Subsection 3 of this Act stated that any common prostitute behaving in a riotous or indecent manner in a public place or thoroughfare was liable to a fine or imprisonment. (Laite [online]) Further legislation was built up over this period including ‘solicitation laws brought about in England in 1847 made it an illegal offence t o loiter or solicit people for the purpose of prostitution. These offences were arrestable and punished by fines which could be increased upon subsequent convictions. In 1885 parliament passed the Criminal Law Amendment Act (Walkowitz, 1980) which was resultant response to both the publication of an investigative report in the Pall Mall Gazette (Laite) witch uncovered an organised child prostitution ring. The act addressed the issue of Age of consent raising it to 16 and created laws outlawing the forcible detainment and procuring of women for purposes of prostitution. It also addressed laws on brothels, but due to lack of definition of the word brothel it was used everything from what we understand as brothels to a residence of two or more prostitutes. This lead to heavy arrest figures of many prostitutes particularly poor ones as they would often rent premises together so that the cost could be shared and since they had no money to pay legal cost they could find themselves with hefty fines or three months imprisonment. Some of the next significant changes in prostitution Legislation came about in the 1950s. A report was published in 1954 called the Wolfenden report as a response to public concern of the rise of the number of women involved in prostitution. (Phoenix, 2005) The report had far reaching effect and the recommendations made went on to form the basis of the Street Offences Act 1959. The report consolidated the official discourse on prostitution and created a ‘new framework for the regulation of prostitution. The Acts most significant parts pertaining to prostitution included making it illegal for a prostitute to loiter and solicit in a public place and it introduced a system where prostitutes were first cautioned for offences and after repeat offences a punishment such as a fines would be introduced and if the offending progressed further the offender could be imprisoned for up to three months. (Scrambler, 1997) Other legislation in the Sexual Offences Act 1956 updated the laws on t he offence of keeping a brothel, the offence of procuring a woman into prostitution by any means of force or under duress. Additionally it was an offence for a man to live off of the earnings of prostitution (i.e.: pimping). Legislation dealing with prostitution was not an issue in contention again until the 1980s. In the 1970s and 1980s a number of groups linked with feminist groups emerged in Europe and America promoting the rights of prostitutes (E.g.: COYOTE (call off your old tired ethics) and the ECP (English collective of prostitutes)) and called for the decriminalisation and normalisation of prostitution. (Matthews, 2008) they argued that the laws directed at prostitutes were discriminatory and counterproductive. In addition to that there were increasing concerns about the levels of ‘kerb-crawling and it was agreed that a new law was needed to address the issue. These problems were addressed in the 1985 Sexual Offences Act (Scrambler, 1997) which included the criminalization of ‘Kerb Crawling. Such measures see a shift of focus on who is the ‘problem which can be seen as answering the critics who argued against the ‘double standards of punishing prostitutes who were nearly always women and often vulnerable and probably poor. However an argument against the ‘Kerb crawling law was that it would lead to an increased lack of safety for sex workers on the streets as they have to identify and go with a client quickly to avoid detection and arrest. The Sexual Offences Act 2003 makes amendments to these previous laws, strengthening them and updating them to include both male and female sex workers and extending the punishment for keeping a brothel to up to 7 years in prison. (OPSI, 2003) Additionally it can be noted that the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 which saw the introduction of Anti-social behaviour orders were used against persistent offenders and street prostitutes were a primary recipient of these in certain English counties, (Sanders, 2005) A study conducted on the matter in Birmingham found during the study that nineteen prostitutes had been served ASBOs for persistent solicitation and two women were sent to prison for breaching their orders. (Jones Sager, 2001) All of this past legislation has culminated in the current UK law on Prostitution which is that whilst it is legal to be a prostitute (take money in return for sex), the laws make all other surrounding areas of prostitution illegal, such as streetwalking, pimping, soliciting (advertising sexual services), kerb crawling and keeping brothels are illegal. Critics argue that the current laws make, providing sex in exchange for money difficult and dangerous. Additionally we have seen that there have been changes in the ideas of prostitution being a victimless crime, to being a crime which victimises women and children. These shifts in the perceptions of prostitution are informing new calls for a change in policy with claims that the current laws are out-of-date and furthermore they are ‘biased against providers of sex and lenient on those who organise, buy and control and coerce women (Edwards in Sanders, 2005) What appears to be coming clear is that many would prefer to see clear cut laws on prostitution that are either in favour of abolitionism (in the sense that prostitution is prohibited) or legalisation. But in addition to that others look towards legislation which centers on either decriminalisation or regulation. Petitioners for reform look towards examples of other countries and their legislation on prostitution. Most notably those in favour of decriminalization look towards the examples such as the Netherlands, Australia, Germany and Sweden. Sweden is a prime example of Decriminalisation. In Sweden they hold the view that prostitutes are exploited by their clients and it should be the clients which are held responsible. In 1998 the â€Å"Security for Women† bill was introduced in Sweden which included the criminalisation of the purchasers of sexual services, with penalties ranging from a fine to 6 month imprisonment. A key component of the legislation was specific funding for exit strategies for women wishing to leave prostitution, including specific benefits, specialist drug and alcohol services and accommodation. At the time of implementation it was estimated that there were 2,500 prostituted women in Sweden with approximately 600 working in street prostitution, which has now been reduced by 80%. Over 500 men have been charged under the act and the law has an 80% approval rating from the public five years after implementation. (McAlpine, 2006) The Netherlands has changed over the past century it once outlawed brothels and pimping, however in the later half of the 20th Century prostitution was tolerated and regulated within certain areas. (Matthews, 2008) Over the last decade there has been a new shift, as pimping became legalised and brothels decriminalised. The idea for allowing brothels was too shift prostitution from the streets and help make prostitution safer for the prostitutes. The result in this change in policy is that the sex industry has reportedly expanded by 25% and the sex industry now accounts for 5% of the Dutch economy. (McAlpine, 2006) There has however been some criticism of this policy system. Its been argued that the prostitutes are still losing out as they lose control of the ability to choose customers; the prices charged the hours they work and the services they offer. (Safer London Committee, 2005) This is often put down to the influx of women from the Eastern Block, South East Asia and Africa many of who are trafficked by criminal gangs and as a result damage the industry by pushing down prices and not following codes of conduct. (Bindel, 2004) Additionally in the Netherlands during the 1990s they initiated a project in an effort to manage and control Street prostitution by introducing tolerance zones called ‘tipple zones in a number of their cities where street prostitution was a problem. The function of these zones was to be an area outside of major population areas where street workers would be tolerated to operate; drug dealers and pimps were not tolerated within the area. Charitable agencies also provided help within these areas offering counselling, clean needles, and panic alarm buttons. However while to begin with tipple zones reduced the level of nuisance associated with street prostitution it was seen to be a failure in the long run and eventually all of the zones were closed down. (Matthews, 2007) Certain States in Australia are prime examples of Legalisation. In Victoria, Australia there were 40 legal brothels in Victoria in 1989, in 1999 there were 94 along with 84 escort agencies following the legalisation of the industry in addition to many illegal venues. Legalisation is argued to have normalised the industry with the pimps being considered legitimate businessmen and sitting together with the police and lawyers on the Prostitution Control Board. (McAlpine, 2006) But it isnt all positive as there are still a significant amount of brothels that are unregistered and many prostitutes do not want to register as prostitutes because they do not want to be stigmatised. (Bindel, 2004) Legalising prostitution seems to be far more complex than it initially appears and moreover, evidence in other countries shown can display that it does not solve the problems of prostitution. In countries where prostitution is legalised such as the Netherlands and Germany there are still significant problems with Street Prostitutes and there are also significant problems with the levels of trafficked sex workers. In return to ideas for reform of UK Legislation it would appear that the overall critique of the UK laws is that the legislation is failing in combating prostitution. Furthermore like most prostitution policy approaches Bindel (2004) argues that they â€Å"Lack a coherent philosophical underpinning, from which specific short and longer term aims and objectives could be drawn. The most coherent approach in terms of philosophy and implementation is that adopted by Sweden, and interestingly it is the only one where no one who sells sex is subject to the criminal law. Many argue, that a lot of money is still spent on law enforcement efforts to catch prostitutes and their customers. When prosecuted, the justice system has to process them through expensive systems. The end results appear to be that there is little impact on prostitution. Prostitutes pay the penalty fines and are back on the streets again in what becomes a revolving door process. (Sanders, 2005) In terms of the most successful form of policy for the management of street Prostitutes it appears that Swedens approach looks to be the most successful. Their laws make use of the notion that prostitutes are victims of male violence, and so the purchaser of sex is the criminal and the seller of sex the victim. It can be argued that the reasons for these ideas working are that it is the perfect deterrence. A typical male who visits a prostitute isnt the stereotypical view of an older lonely man but it can be anyone. (Spurrell, 2006) Because of this it is likely that many men would be deterred from using prostitutes if it is made far more unfavourable. If UK prostitution legislation were to be reformed it would be important to make it more fitting to todays attitudes. It has been established that whilst prostitution in the UK is legal majority of the acts surrounding it are not. The reasons for this are within the basis of past legislation, which sought to protect women from abuse and victimisation. And additionally to push it to the margins of society, presumably in the hope that it would go away. Realistically however it is unlikely that it will go away, so there is the need to address ways to manage prostitution so that it can function without criminalising prostitutes or creating victims and that prostitutes are free to work in as safe and healthy environment as possible. To do this prostitution needs to be decriminalised and regulated. It needs to be recognised that prostitutes will always be out on the streets in some shape or form and so any attempts to move prostitution solely into the indoor sphere is unlikely to work. With that said legislation needs to address both indoor and outdoor prostitution. As with the Netherlands, brothels should be the promoted alternative with brothels being regulated and only state licensed ones should be tolerated. Prostitutes should be registered but allowed to operate with a degree of anonymity if they choose. The Laws against Pimping and forced prostitution should still stand and heavy laws should be imposed for hose who traffic women and force them to work as prostitutes. As for street prostitution we should look towards the Swedish model which criminalises the buyer rather than the prostitute. Additionally there needs to be a geographical equality to the implementation of prostitution laws. At the moment differ ent areas in the UK operate very different implementations of the current law. Some areas of the UK operate a Zero Tolerance policy yet others are unofficial red light districts. (Matthews, 2007) So to conclude it can be argued that laws have not changed all that much in the past century; the main changes in the law have mostly been about encompassing new offences. All that appears to have resulted in these new laws are that prostitutes have been driven out onto the streets. The nature of there job and the illegal status of it, creates high risk circumstances. And because their actions are unlawful they have to conceal what they are doing and cannot be protected by the services.There are talks about a draft Bill for new legislation on prostitution. But whole sale changes to the laws appear to not be on the agenda yet again. We can look towards policies in other countries such Sweden which favours the decriminalisation of the prostitute and to the Netherlands which has legalised and regulated brothels with a certain degree of success. What can be agreed is that there needs to be a wider debate upon the criminalisation or decriminalisation of prostitution, which looks at the needs and safety of those people who are sex workers. Bibliography Books: Evans, H. (1979) Harlots, Whores Hookers: A History of Prostitution, New York: Taplinger Matthews, R. (2008) Prostitution, Politics and Policy, Oxen: Routledge-Cavendish Pheonix, J. Oerton, S. (2005) Illicit and Illegal: Sex, regulation and social control, Devon, Willan. Roberts, N. (1993) Whores in History: Prostitution in Western Society, London: Harper Collins. Sanders, T. (2005) Sex Work: A risky business, Devon, Willan Scrambler, G. Scrambler, A. (1997) Rethinking Prostitution, London: Routledge. Thomas, T. (2005) Sex Crime: Sex offending and society 2nd Edition, Devon: Willan Walkowitz, J (1980) Prostitution and Victorian Society: Women, Class and the State, Cambridge: University Press. Websites: Bindel, J. (2004) ‘Streets Apart in The Guardian [online] Available from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/weekend/story/0,,1215900,00.html [Accessed 2 April 2008] Home Office, (2003) ‘Sexual Offences Act 2003 in Office of Public Sector Information [online] Available from: http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2003/ukpga_20030042_en_1 [Accessed 31 March 2008] Laite, J. (no date) ‘Paying the price again: prostitution policy in historical perspective in History and Policy [online] Available from: http://www.historyandpolicy.org/papers/policy-paper-46.html [Accessed 31 March 2008] McAlpine, M. (2006) ‘Prostitution: A contribution to the debate by the Scottish Socialist Party [online] Available from: http://www.scottishsocialistparty.org/pdfs/pamphlet1_1_final.pdf [Accessed 31 March 2008] Safer London Committee, (2005) ‘Street Prostitution in London by the London Assembly [Online] Available from: http://www.london.gov.uk/assembly/reports/pubserv/prostitution.pdf [Accessed 1 April 2008] Spurrell, C. (2006) ‘Who pays for sex? Youd be surprised in The Times [online] Available from : http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/men/article627388.ece [Accessed 2 April 2008] Journals: Jones, H. Sager, T. (2001) ‘Crime and Disorder Act 1998: Prostitution and the Anti Social Behaviour Order. Criminal Law Review, Nov: 873-885.

Hamlet, Act 1 Scene 1 Essay -- essays research papers

One of the best known pieces of literature throughout the world, Hamlet is also granted a position of excellence as a work of art. One of the elements which makes this play one of such prestige is the manner in which the story unfolds. Throughout time, Shakespeare has been renowned for writing excellent superlative opening scenes for his plays. By reviewing Act 1, Scene 1 of Hamlet, the reader is able to establish a clear understanding of events to come. This scene effectively sets a strong mood for the events to come, gives important background information, and introduces the main characters. With the use of this information, it is simple to see how Shakespeare manages to create stories with such everlasting appeal. In Hamlet, Act 1, Scene 1 proves to be a vital element to understanding the play. One important task it serves is to determine the mood of the play. From the beginning of the scene, the reader is aware of the atmosphere of mistrust and uncertainty lingering in the air. When the reader is first introduced to the main characters outside the castle, they are suspiciously asking each other to identify themselves. Everyone seems to be on edge from the start, as if anticipating something. Another factor that reveals a mood of wariness and caution is how the night is dark, the air is chilling, and the characters speak of "the bitter cold," (p. 9, ln.8). This evokes a mood of foreboding and mystery. At one point, Fransisco ends his watch thankfully because, "he is sick at heart," (p.9, Ln. 10). Shortly after the atmosphere is created, the reader is introduced to the idea of a ghost, which sets a mood of dread and eerieness. The men speak of the ghost with great fear, and are very apprehensive to witness it again. Also introduced is the impression of death and the supernatural. Although it is assumed that the ghost is that of the late king, it is also presented that perhaps it is a demon, posing as the king. And if it is a ghost, why has it returned? The appearance of a wordless ghost is an important dramatic device that Shakespeare uses to rivet attention to the action, as well as to set the tone of the story. With use of such elements, Shakespeare effectively paints a distinct mood for the remainder of the play. In addition to setting a mood for the story, the first scen... ...uced in Act 1 Scene 1 is Horatio. He is a true friend and confidant to Prince Hamlet. When the men learn of the ghost, Horatio decides that they must let Hamlet know of what they have seen. This in turn, begins the plot. From his description of Julius Caesar and the times of the Romans, we also learn that he is very educated and intelligent. Horatio is well informed and very aware of the circumstances surrounding him. Nearer to the end of the scene, the presence of Prince Hamlet is introduced, although he is not yet present on the scene. By studying Hamlet, it is plain to see that this is a timeless story of mystery, drama and sometimes humour. In order to achieve such greatness, there is a specific criteria that the author must meet. In history, Shakespeare was renowned for writing riveting opening scenes for his plays. From these superior introductions, the reader is exposed to many important factors. Mood, background data and characters are all vital aspects of the play which are shown in the first scene alone. With this information, the reader is armed with the tools that will help them better understand and appreciate the amazing events to come.

Evacuee By R.S Thomas & Disabled By Wilfred Owen Essay

In this report I will be comparing and contrasting two poets from two different styles of life and cultural traditions. I will compare differences and similarities of how they deal with casualties of war. The first poet is R.S.Thomas. The poem that i have chosen is called evacuee, it is about a young girl who was born and grew up in a large city maybe London. She is evacuated to the Welsh countryside during the Second World War. She has no parents or family when she leaves and she is accepted into a farming family. She grows up and it shows that she has no plans of returning to the city. This poem is about the healing power of nature and someone who is saved from the disastrous effects of war. The second poet is Wilfred Owen. The poem is called Disabled and it is about a young man who is a football player, an athletic man, he has a girlfriend and he enjoys going out and drinking. He comes out of the pub one evening and he sees a military sign up and he is attracted to the salutes, marches, uniforms, etc. So he signs himself up. He is sent home from the war having lost his arms and his legs. He lives the rest of his life in a â€Å"Wheeled Chair†. These two poets come from very different backgrounds and in this report i will compare and contrast those backgrounds. Wilfred Edward Salter Owen was born on the 18th March 1893. He was an English poet and soldier. His poems described the shocking and realistic horrors of the trench and gas warfare. He was killed in action at the Sambre-Oise Canal a week before the war ended. Owen had four brothers and sisters and was born in Oswestry in Shropshire. When his grandfather died in 1897 the family was forced to move to lodgings in Birkenhead. He was raised as an Anglican of the evangelical school. His early influences were John Keats and the Bible. In 1915 he enlisted in the Artists Rifles. In 1917 he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Manchester regiment. Owen was diagnosed as suffering from shell shock and sent to Craiglockhart for treatment. Whilst there he met Siegfried Sassoon another poet. Owen nearly worshiped Sassoon as a hero saying that he was not worthy to light his pipe. Ronald Stuart Thomas was born on the 29th March 1913. He was a Welsh poet and an Anglican Clergyman he was known for his nationalism and spirituality. He was born in Cardiff in Wales. The family moved to Holyhead in 1918 because of his fathers work. He was ordained a priest in the Anglican Church in Wales in 1936. He married Mildred Eldridge in 1940 and they stayed together until she died in 1991 apparently they never spoke to each other and never touched each other. They had one son named Gwydion. Thomas was a supporter of CND (Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament). He died on the 25th September 2000 at the age of 87. The poets have many differences and not so many similarities. The differences are that Wilfred Owen seems to stay away from religion in his poems and even shows detest in the poem disabled. While R.S. Thomas was a Clergyman and was widely known for his spirituality. Owen was born in a town near Birmingham called Shropshire. Thomas was born in Cardiff in Wales. Owen was a soldier and knew first hand about the horrors of war, what it was like living in the trench, and all the dangers of it, like trench-foot or gang green. While Thomas did not know anything about war apart from what he may have read from books. In my considered opinion i think that if the two poets had met each other they would not have been best friends for they were very different to each other. Owen did not like religion or priests when Thomas was a Clergyman. The two poems, The Evacuee & Disabled, also have many differences and similarities. Disabled is in the 1st person and is more immediate while The Evacuee is in the 3rd person and is a lot slower in pace. The Evacuee has a religious feel while Disabled has an anti-religious feel. The Evacuee has the feeling of nature being personified as a healer and the city is being personified as a destroyer and killer in the case of Disabled. â€Å"He sat in a Wheeled Chair† this tells us that he has no arms because it is not a wheel chair but a wheeled chair because he can not wheel it himself, someone else has to. His life is in the hands of the nurse, he has no control over what happens in his life and he will never for the rest of his life. While the evacuee has been given a new lease of life after being sent to the welsh countryside because if she had stayed in the city she could have lived for one week or two but eventually she would have been caught by the bombings that went on every night or she would eventually get locked out during an air raid and probably shot dead where she stood. Living in a big city during the Second World War, even any war, would have been terrible. Not being able to go out after dark, having to live in complete poverty, never knowing if the next death would be you or not. When an evacuee child is moved out of the city a large amount of them go to good homes where they can live there for free and not have to work and where they would get three meals a day but some evacuees would be moved to bad families that would become slave drivers and force the children that they took in to work on their farms until they dropped down dead. This was not legal at the time but because of the situation not many questions were posted at farming towns or families. There also was a large threat of gas attacks all the time which is why every single house in London had at least two gas masks. Thomas would most likely have grown up around farming families and his family may have even took in an evacuee at one time so it is more likely that he knew more about evacuees then Owen did and vice versa that Owen would have know more about casualties of war from experience then all the knowledge that Thomas would have read. In my opinion to actually experience something like fighting in war is more knowledgeable then reading every book in the world about war. If the evacuee girl had stayed in London she would most probably have died like her family may have. The poem Disabled is about a young man who goes to war and returns with no legs and no arms. He sits at the window every day watching children playing football in the park, young couples walking along the road, and at night he hears and sees the young men and women coming out of pubs and clubs enjoying themselves. He knows he will never be able to kick a ball again, he will never put his arm around a woman again, and he will most likely never be able to drink alcohol again because of medication he may be on. His life is over before it has even truly begun and he knows it. Day in and day out he is woken up by a nurse and put into his chair and left, he is ignored all day no woman will want to talk to him again and he will not have any young recruits coming to him asking for tips about keeping their rifles clean and polished nor will he ever receive even the smallest medal. He will probably only get his name written on a memorial of all the soldiers but nothing that he can say to someone â€Å"Yes I earned that and i am proud of my choices when i was younger†. He will regret the day he signed himself up for the army for the rest of his life and it could be long. Throughout the both the poems there is a lot of figurative language used. In Disabled there is an image created in the fourth stanza where the man describes what he is attracted to in joining the army. â€Å"He thought of jeweled hilts for daggers in Plaid socks; of smart salutes; and care of arms; and leave; and pay arrears; Esprit de corps; and hints for young recruits.† He saw the jeweled hilts of the ceremonial swords that the soldiers had and he thought of himself with one and he saw the salutes to commanding officers and he liked this also. He wanted to get his hands on a gun and he thought of Esprit de corps. Esprit de corps is fighting along side soldiers, making friend, he thought joining the army would be like joining a football team or going away to camp. He had no fears of Germans. He had no real fears at all, all he knew was that he was going to wear a smart suit and be able to have a gun and he did not think about killing enemies or even being killed. This creates an image for us as you can see him staggering out of a pub and seeing some soldiers at a stand holding a pen and paper. You can see the expression on his face as he thinks about all the things he would receive from joining the army. The Evacuee is all about personification of nature; Thomas personifies nature to be a healer and a protector. He is saying that this girl who came from nothing, she was nearly dead, has been given new life by nature she has been healed. If there was pictures to go with this poem, I think that at the beginning it would show the girl very thin and sick looking and pale and near the end there would be another picture of her but it would look like a completely different person. Thomas is a strong believer in God and nature as a healer. He probably believed that this girl came from the city near death and with the power of nature with the fresh air, the grass, and the peace it helped her to grow strong and she probably became a believer herself. The poem Disabled is more superior because it shows a realistic story of the devastating effects of war and its consequences on the human body. Wilfred Owens poems are very graphical and detailed he does not believe in an easy way to describe war. He just goes straight in and says exactly what it is like. Whereas R.S.Thomas is a religious person so he probably does not like anything to do with war and he probably believes that anyone can be saved no matter how bad their wounds are, mentally or physically, through prayer to God. In my opinion the disabled man could not be healed. He could move to the countryside and he might be happier but it is not going to make his legs grow back. The poem The Evacuee is more superior because it shows how anyone can be healed by nature and how anyone can be saved from war. Thomas believes in nature and its powers, he believes that the evacuee girl is just an example of a casualty of war that has been saved. He has shown in his poem that nature and God combined together are unbeatable in the way that they can heal mental problems and maybe not physical ones like the disabled man but they could be made happier because living in a hospital for the rest of his life it would not be healthy for him. However if he had been given the chance to live in the countryside he could see nature for what it is. In my opinion both poems are equally superior in the way that they both describe casualties of war and both in their own way put in all the needed detail.

Track Your Time and Boost Your Bottom Line

Track Your Time and Boost Your Bottom Line Do you keep track of how long it takes you to finish each writing project? Doing so will not only show you how much you earn per hour but will provide other great side benefits as well. For most of my freelancing career, Ive resisted tracking my writing time. I worried that it would affect the quality of my writing and, perhaps more importantly, that Id find out I would be better off flipping burgers. Thankfully, I discovered otherwise. Being aware that the clock is ticking, forces me to jump straight into the story instead of trying to find the perfect opening. Its also helping me stay focused on the writing, which means that I get more writing done in a shorter period of time. Im also motivated to stay on track so I can stay within a certain income range. When I start slowing down, I know its time to stop for a break. Theres no point in forcing myself to keep going because thats when the quality takes a dramatic nosedive. What surprised me the most was that this process has led me to look at time differently. Since I have two other careers, my writing sessions are often limited. In the past Id look at the clock and think, Whats the point. I only have half an hour. I felt it was barely long enough to get warmed up. Now I see those same thirty minutes and ask myself a critical question: What part of my story can I work on? In this way, Im able to fix a weak beginning, or an awkward ending, and oftentimes both. Additionally, Im better at not letting interruptions stop me, especially when Im in the flow. A favorite response of mine now is: Can it wait? I just need a few more minutes. Tracking your writing time will also help you determine how long you might need to finish a project requested Keeping track of your writing time is as simple as using a timer or jotting down the time when you start and end each writing session. Then transfer your total into a four-column spreadsheet with headings for: Title, Writing Time, Date, and Notes (optional). Once your story is completed, add your daily totals and voil! When you sell your story, youll know exactly how much you made per hour. And how much did I make with this article? I wrote in short bursts totaling about two hours, thus netting me $25 per hour. Not bad for someone whos never mastered the fine art of burger flipping! Although these numbers might not make me rich overnight, theyre a great starting point for helping me set goals that will increase my bottom line down the road while improving my efficiency and productivity.

Factors Effecting Action of Lipase Essays

Factors Effecting Action of Lipase Essays Factors Effecting Action of Lipase Essay Factors Effecting Action of Lipase Essay Effect of Temperature on the action of LipaseAimThe aim of this experiment is to find out how the temperature effects the action of lipase.Method* A glass beaker was taken and filled with about halfway with water.* The water was then heated to 50à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c* Into a boiling tube 5 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of milk, 7 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of sodium carbonate and a few drops of Phenothalin were placed.* The boiling tube was placed into the water for a few minutes so it could warm to the temperature of the water.* Then 1 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of lipase was added and the stopwatch started.* When the reaction had finished (i.e. the milk wasnt pink anymore) the stopwatch was stopped and the time recorded.* Other groups did different temperatures and all the results were shared.Apparatus* Boiling tube* Milk* Sodium carbonate* Lipase (5% conc.)* Phenothalin* Glass beaker* Tripod* Gauze* Bunsen burner* Heat proof mat* Thermometer* Stop watchPredictionI think that the 30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c experiment will have the fasted reaction rate because it is the closest to body temperature where the enzymes naturally work. At 100à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c I predict that there will be no reaction because the enzymes will be de-natured because it is so hot. And at 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c I predict there will also be no reaction as it will be too cold for the enzymes to work.Variables* Amount of milk 5 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½* Amount of sodium Carbonate 7 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½* Amount of lipase 1 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½* Heat 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c, 13à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c, 30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c, 50à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c, 100à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½cResultsTemperature (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c)1st time (s)2nd time (s)Average (s)0(No result)(No result)N/A13671757714302282513535095111103100(No result)(No result)N/AAnalysisThe results and the graph clearly show that at 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c and at 100à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c a reaction did no take place. At 100à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c the lipase was denatured but at 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c it was just too cold for it to react quickly enough for it too be seen. The results also show that at 50à ¯Ã ‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c the reaction is the quickest and so therefore proved me wrong, as I believed that 30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c would be the temperature that the lipase reacted quickest at, but it wasnt.The experiment went well and some good results came from it. It would be interesting to try more different temperatures and so then a better more accurate graph would be achieved, it would also be interesting to find out the point at which the lipase is actually denatured (i.e. the highest temperature that the lipase can work at). And if I were to do further work on these experiments I would most definitely choose to go down that line of experiments. It would create some interesting results.

European Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

European Politics - Essay Example The constitution of the European countries have explicitly protected the interests of the minority communities; and encouraged their participation in social, economic and political fronts. Childre (2003) observed that the constitution of the European countries supports democratic practices, and firmly encourages that the democratic notions shall be adopted and implemented on the basis of its merit. The European society is cosmopolitan society, but the majority of the aboriginals are reluctant to consider this as fact. The contemporary political theorists considered cosmopolitanism as "citizenship of the world, which is a critique of ordinary theories of political obligation, with their tendency to focus on our duties to fellow citizens, not to people elsewhere", as discussed by Patrick (2005). The consequence of the cosmopolitanism is expected to be "single world government with corresponding global citizenship"; this was evaluated by Patrick (2005). Surprisingly such aspirations have not discussed by the serious circles. Ulrich (2006) proposed that the modified and renewed version of the cosmopolitanism includes "everyone in the world in a single global web of mutual obligations". However the reservations and criticism mounted against cosmopolitanism is relevant to the negligence of the "obligations of reciprocity"; there has been consensus on the fact that the society has "obligations to give benefits in return for benefits received". The issue commonly observed by the society at large is relev ant to the psychological possibility based upon the desirability claims, "the elimination of a special motivating attachment to fellow-citizens is not possible, but the elimination of special motivating attachments to fellow-citizens is expected to develop "certain desirable form of political life impossible". In this context, the cosmopolitan has revealed two broad options i.e. "the viability of politics as usual depends not upon certain beliefs that fellow-citizens deserve more of one's service, but upon commitments to the polity itself", therefore if the possibility of the strictly cosmopolitan is possible then Patrick (2005) believes that "a commitment to a universal set of principles embodied in a particular political constitution and a particular set of political institutions" is engaged. The practicability of such desirable politics has the potential to disarm the anti-cosmopolitan; Ulrich (2006) believes that this has provided that the denial of the form of political life is practical, and for this purposes the "moral commitments run over into a discussion of political theory". Literature Review Wayne (2001) believed that within the European society we still find traces of non-compliance against democratic principle of equality and justice. Racism and xenophobia has limited and discouraged the participation of the minority or under-privileged communities into political and social affairs. The European society which has been staunch supporter and enthusiast towards the proactive participation of the minority communities into public and private affairs; the current political state of some European countries indicates pessimistic outlook, where the interests and rights of the minority communities have been violated or ignored. The European society is multi-linguistic, multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multi-religious society. The penetration of the Africans, Arabs

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 54

Assignment - Essay Example Furthermore, they enlighten one to know the price range. According to Zwicky et al (2000) advertisements on firewalls enable one to know which one fits what size of business and the features to acquire since some of them are more commonly mentioned than others are. A firewall such as NetScreen has been mentioned in many firewall adverts. As a result, it has been the choice of many and feedback has been received on how good it is. In addition, it has also been categorized as the fastest firewall (NetScreen). A scenario of the NetScreen firewall installation is for an organization that I worked for. The system admin, who was hired to see through the network security of the organization, discovered that the existing firewall needed to either be upgraded or changed. This is because the organization was running on Checkpoint FW-1 without service packs. Therefore, a decision was made to migrate to the NetScreen firewall. The reasons given were, firstly, to enable the use of a firewall that does not rely on an operating system. Secondly, was its credibility based on the feedback from a research done on how it has been used by many trade groups (NetScreen). The procedures to be followed by staff may include the